These forms of soft tissue sarcoma are not discussed in this report. NORD has individual reports on several types of soft tissue sarcoma, including: alveolar soft part sarcoma desmoid tumors extraosseous Ewing sarcoma gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) leiomyosarcoma leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava liposarcoma mesenchymal chondrosarcoma pleuropulmonary blastoma and uterine leiomyosarcoma. This report is a general overview of soft tissue sarcomas as a group. According to the World Health Organization classification, there are more than 100 different histologic subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas. Different forms of cancer, including soft tissue sarcomas, may be classified based upon the cell type involved, the specific nature of the malignancy, and the disease’s clinical course. Cancer is characterized by abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells that invades surrounding tissue and can sometimes spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body via the bloodstream, the lymphatic system, or other means. Soft tissue sarcomas are a form of cancer. As researchers learn more about the genetic factors associated with these disorders, newer, targeted therapies may become available. Most likely, complex genetic and environmental factors play a role in their development. The exact, underlying cause of these tumors is not fully understood. These tumors are diverse with significantly different signs and symptoms, progression, and often different treatment regimens. They can affect men or women, adults or children.
Sarcomas can occur almost anywhere in the body, but the most common areas are the arms and legs, the back of the abdomen (retroperitoneum) and head and neck. Synovial sarcoma is a misnomer as it does not arise from synovial tissue (as was originally thought). For some sarcomas the tissue of origin is uncertain such as pleiomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma. Soft tissue sarcomas can arise from fat, muscle, nerve, tendons, and blood and lymph vessel tissue. Soft tissues are found all over the body and include muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, fat, blood vessels, and lymph vessels. Soft tissues are tissues of the body that have not hardened or calcified like bone has. They can be broadly broken down into bone, visceral and soft tissue forms. Sarcomas are malignant (cancerous) tumors that arise from cells that make up the connective tissues, which are the tissues that connect, support, and surround structures and organs in the body. 5 Myths About Orphan Drugs and the Orphan Drug Act.
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